Countable and Non-Countable nouns

Countable nouns are those which can be counted, they also have singular as well as plural forms.
Countable nouns are used with a,an,the,many,few,fewer,number,this,that,every,each, neither,either,those,these,some,any,enough
For example - She made fewer mistakes in the match today

While non-countable or Mass nouns are those which can't be counted and sometime they do not have any plural form.
Non-countable nouns are used with much,less/lesser,this,that,some,any,enough,amount of
For example - Arun have less money than suresh

Some of the nouns can be used as both Countable and non countable ones. It just depends upon how we are using them.
For example-  he got into trouble(non-countable)
                       he had many troubles(countable)

the usage of 's and s'

Apostrophe ( ' ) and letter ( s ) is used to make a noun possessive.

For example - That car is amit's
                        The men's hockey match is tomorrow.

• A singular noun can use 's and s' for same effect. 

For example - The car's speed is slow               correct
                        The cars' speed is slow               correct

• A Plural ending with s takes apostrophe( ' ) to become possessive.

For example - The new buses's are fast              correct
                        The new buses's are fast              incorrect

Common mistakes in Grammer

• The usage of    's and s'

Terms in Linear Algebra

Some important terms related in Linear algebra

• Nul matrix A matrix in which all elements are zero is called Null matrix.
• Row matrix A matrix with 1 row and any no. of column is called Row matrix.
• Column matrix A matrix with 1 column and any no.of row is called column matrix
• Square matrix A matrix having equal no. of rows and columns is called Square matrix.
• Unit matrix A Square matrix in which all diagonol elements are 1 and all non diagonal elements are 0 is called Unit matrix.
• Diagonal Matrix A Square matrix in which all diagonal elements are non zero and non diagonal matrix are 0 is called Diagonal matrix.
• Scalar matrix A diagonal matrix with all diagonal elements are a scalar is called Scalar matrix.
• Symmetric Matrix A matrix which satisfy the relation ,,    a_ij = a_ji 
• _{Skew-symmetric matrix A matrix which satisfy the relationship ,,,} a_ij = -a_ji
• _{Triangular matrix A matrix whose elements below or above the leading diagonal are zero are called triangular matrix.}
• _{Transpose of a matrix A matrix obtained after exchanging the rows and columns of a matrix is called transpose of a matrix. It is donated as} A^T
• Orthogonal matrix A matrix which satisfy this relationship,,,,, A^T.A= 1
• Conjugate Matrix A matrix obtained by the complex conjugate of a matrix A is called Conjugate matrix. 

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Questions on electronics and communication engineering - 4

E.C.E 4

These questions depends upon the Topic 'Amplitude Modulation'

1. Speech amplifiers are usually operated as?
2. In a low level AM system, amplifiers following the modulated stage must be?
3. Low level modulating AM transmitter shows which property?
4. What happens when modulation index is more than 100% in AM?
5. What is the core function of a modulator?
6. Plot carrier transmission contains?
7. Which kind of modulation amplifiers are used in AM transmitter?
8. What is the main requirement for a long wave AM broadcast transmitter?
9. In a low level AM transmitter, the amplifier following the modulated state must be.
10. Modulation index lies between?
11. The power rating of a radio transmitter is around?
12. How we can determine the frequency of the piezoelectric effect?

E.C.E 1
E.C.E 2
E.C.E 3

Answers For E.C.E - 3

Answers of E.C.E - 3 Questions

1. Rhombic Antenna

2. Smaller the beam-width angle, higher the directivity.

3. There are more than one driven elements in a driven array.

4. The effective length of a antenna is always greater than it's physical length.

5. Earthmat is used to ensure: -

• Provision of earth from the antenna
• Improvement of radiation patteren
• impossibility of good ground connection

6.  2.15 db

7. The induced voltage will experience 2 maxima and 2 null.

8. as a UHF receiving antenna.

9. 2

10. We use counterpoise to reduce: -

• Rockiness of ground connection
• Difficulty of a good ground connection
• Provision of earth from antenna.

11.  Top loading can be done by increase effective height.

12. Input impedance of folded dipole antenna is 280 ohms.



13. Unipolar antenna is best for low frequency transmission.

14.An antenna behave as a resonant circuit, when it's length is a integral multiple of  ʎ/2

15. An half wave dipole produce Broadside pattern.

16. The range will increase by the factor of  2^1/2

17. 1/2r

18. Loop antenna is commonly used for direction finding.

   

19. A parabolic antenna is commonly used at 5000 MHz. 


20.  The radiation pattern of Parabolic antenna is highly directional.








Answer for E.C.E 3 Questions

E.C.E 1 Questions
E.C.E 2 Questions

Questions on electronics and communication engineering 3

E.C.E. Questions -3

The following questions depends upon Antenna and it's application

1. Give example of non-resonant antenna.
2. What is the Relationship between Beamwidth angle and Directivity?
3. Properties of a driven array.
4. Relationship between effective length and physical length.
5. Why we use a earthmat along with antenna?
6. The power gain of half wave array with respect to a isotropic radiater is?
7. When loop antenna is radiated through 360 degree, the induced voltage will experience?
8. The discone antenna can be used as a ?
9. The number of array in a simplest parasitic array is?
10. Why we use a counterpoise with the antenna?
11. Top loading of an antenna may be done by?
12. The input impedance of a folded dipole antenna is nearly?
13. Antenna normally preferred for low frequency transmission is?
14. An antenna behave as resonance circuit when?
15. What kind of pattern a half wave dipole Produced?
16. If the height of transmitter and receiver antennas are doubled, what will happen to the range of TV broadcast ?
17. How the electric field intensity of a Hertzian dipole at a remote point varies as?
18. What is the common use of loop antenna?
19. At what frequency a parabolic antenna is commonly used?
20. What is the radiation pattern of a parabolic antenna?

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Answers for E.C.E - 2

Answers of questions of   E.C.E 2

1. BAR, which is further equal to 100 kilopascles.

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2. Due to the long term exposure to stress, metal deforms permanently, this phenomenon is          called creeping.

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3. Generally,  flux = flow rate / membrane area.

     It is measured by using Ballistic Galvanometer.

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4. An ideal volt meter has infinite internal resistance. It acts as a open circuit.
    An ideal am meter has zero internal resistance. It acts as a short circuit.
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5. Implantation defects(defects in substrate) causes the leakage current in transistor. It flows through the pn junction when it is inversely polarized.
    Another reason is TiSi gain, which occurs during annealing process.
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6. Generally, the slope of load line depends upon Resistor value. 
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7. Direct conversion ACD or  Flash ACD 
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8. 8
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Questions Based on Electronics and Communication Engineering - 2

Questions of E.C.E 2


These Topics have appeared in EIL(Electronics India Limited) Exam, October 2011

1. What is the use of pressure gauge?
2. Where the phenomenon of Creeping occur?
3. How to measure flux?
4. Property of a ideal meter.
5. Reason of Leakage current in transistor?
6. The slope of D.C. load line depends upon?
7. Which is the fastest A/D converter?
8. Min. no. of flip flops needed to measure a BCD decade counter is?
9. What are the Properties of negative logic system?
10. Examples of universal gates.
11. Properties of  a ideal current source.
12. Example of circularly polarized antenna.
13. Relationship between Directivity and Directive gain.
14. Define Broadcast array and give examples of Broadcast antennas.
15. Explain Lenz's law.
16. Explain Faraday law.
17. Unit of electric displacement current density.
18. Electric field strength at a given point is?
19. How we can generate PWM?
20. Disadvantage of F.M over A.M.
21. Use of de-amphasis circuit.
22. Quantization noise in PCM can be reduced by?
23. Millimeter wave has the range of?
24. Where we use pre-amphasis circuit?
25. Out of PCM, PAM, PPM and PWM, which one is highly immune to noise?

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Answer for E.C.E 1

Answers for  E.C.E  1  questions


   1.900-1800 Mhz

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  2. CMRR measures the tendency of an Op-amp to reject the signal at input as their might be a small percentage of input signal is necessary. 


                                    

                                        CMRR = 20log₁₀  A_d/A_cm

          

                    A_{d =} differential gain

                    A_{cm =} common mode gain

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3. Normal AM Broadcasting is done by Directional Antennas to reduce the change in broadcasting during day and night time.

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Questions based on Electronics and Communication Engineering

Questions of  E.C.E 1

1. The operating frequency of GSM in India.
2. CMRR of an Operational amplifier is?
3. Normal AM Broadcasting is done by?
4. In a lossless transmission line, the relationship between R,L,G, and C is?
5. Laplace transform of coswt?
6. Metal oxide varister is used for?
7. Diode made by metal and semiconductor?
8. What is Kernel?
9. What are the problems in TCP protocols?
10. Why we used polymorphism?
11. Fork( ) is used for?
12. RAID is used for?
13. Z inverse stands for?
14. Which junction is formed by Recrystallization?
15. How many GEO-Synchronous satellites cover the whole Globe?
16. Which antenna is used for TV broadcasting?
17. Area under unit impulse signal is?
18. What is De-Morgan Law?
19. What is the mode of wave propagation in free space?
20. In which type of amplifier current flows for less than half the cycle?

Check the answers for E.C.E 1